I paid for general liability insurance for a non-profit organization in 2024. Do I record it as an in-kind donation or a cash donation?

The insurance premium you paid can be recorded as a money donation, but items purchased should be recorded as items.  For the kinds of money you are talking about, you really should be donating cash and letting the charity make the purchases.

I also want to raise some yellow flags.

1. The organization must be registered with the IRS as an exempt organization, not just be a non-profit. It must be registered.

2. You want to avoid any appearance of self-dealing.  For example, if you are an insurance agent, and the NP bought insurance from your agency, that would be self-dealing and you can't take a deduction.  You should donate money to the charity, and the charity's other officers should decide which insurance to buy.  (If you are an officer, you should recuse from those decisions.)

3. You also need letters of acknowledgement from the NP for the insurance purchase and supplies, acknowledging your gift.  If you are closely associated with the NP, someone else should sign the letters to attest that you made these contributions.